High tibial osteotomy (HTO) is a surgical option in the treatment
of medial femorotibial osteoarthritis. Although the lateral closingwedge
proximal tibial osteotomy is well documented in the literature, several
shortcomings have been reported, such as the lack of precision of the
correction and difficulties in conversion to a total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
To avoid these problems, medial opening-wedge proximal tibial
osteotomies have been advocated. The clinical outcome after HTO is satisfying,
even though long-term results have been shown to deteriorate.
When successful, HTO can improve pain and function; postpone
disease progression and early TKA. In young active individuals, it can
facilitate a return to sports and allow them to continue to participate in
sporting activity into later life.
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