Indoleamine
2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is the rate-limiting enzyme that catalyzes the conversion
of tryptophan (Trp) to kynurénine (Kyn).
IDO has been
implicated in the suppression of the antitumor immune responses trough
depletion of Trp and accumulation of Trp metabolites. Several studies have
shown that this activation of tryptophan metabolism by IDO suppresses T-cell
proliferation and promotes T-cell apoptosis in the tumor tissue.
Consistently,
increased IDO activity have been reported in several types of cancers such as
skin breast and lung cancer and have even been associated with disease
progression and poor prognosis in lung and skin cancer.
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