Existing data
suggest that decidual Natural Killer Cells (dNK CD3-CD56brightCD16dim/-) are
important in early pregnancy (local response to pathogens, control of
trophoblast invasion, uterine vascular remodeling), while in ongoing
pregnancy they contribute to the acceptance of the embryo
through various immunoregulatory mechanisms.
In the so-called
alloimmune abortions, CD3-CD56brightCD16dim/-NK cells are decreased in favor of
CD3-CD56dimCD16bright NK cells, which are toxic for trophoblast.
Most of the
activating and inhibitory receptors regulating dNK function belong to the
highly polymorphic KIR (Killer Immunoglobulin-like) family.
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